With the recent advance in neural machine translation demonstrating its importance, research on quality estimation (QE) has been steadily progressing. QE aims to automatically predict the quality of machine translation (MT) output without reference sentences. Despite its high utility in the real world, there remain several limitations concerning manual QE data creation: inevitably incurred non-trivial costs due to the need for translation experts, and issues with data scaling and language expansion. To tackle these limitations, we present QUAK, a Korean-English synthetic QE dataset generated in a fully automatic manner. This consists of three sub-QUAK datasets QUAK-M, QUAK-P, and QUAK-H, produced through three strategies that are relatively free from language constraints. Since each strategy requires no human effort, which facilitates scalability, we scale our data up to 1.58M for QUAK-P, H and 6.58M for QUAK-M. As an experiment, we quantitatively analyze word-level QE results in various ways while performing statistical analysis. Moreover, we show that datasets scaled in an efficient way also contribute to performance improvements by observing meaningful performance gains in QUAK-M, P when adding data up to 1.58M.

了解视频的时间动态是学习更好的视频表示的重要方面。最近，由于其能力捕获了输入序列的长期依赖性，因此对基于变压器的架构设计进行了广泛的探索。但是，我们发现这些视频变压器仍然有偏见地学习空间动力学而不是时间动力学，而伪造的虚假相关性对于它们的性能至关重要。根据观察结果，我们设计了简单而有效的自我监督任务，以便视频模型更好地学习时间动态。具体而言，对于借鉴空间偏见，我们的方法将视频框架的时间顺序作为额外的自我设计，并强制执行随机洗牌的框架以具有低信心的输出。此外，我们的方法还学习了连续帧之间视频令牌的时间流动方向，以增强与时间动力学的相关性。在各种视频动作识别任务下，我们证明了我们的方法的有效性及其与最先进的视频变压器的兼容性。

最近的自我监督学习（SSL）方法在从未标记的图像中学习视觉表示方面显示出令人印象深刻的结果。本文旨在通过利用基础神经网络的建筑优势进一步提高其性能，因为SSL的当前最新视觉借口任务不享受好处，即它们是架构 - 敏捷的。特别是，我们专注于视觉变形金刚（VIT），这些变压器最近引起了人们的关注，作为更好的建筑选择，通常优于各种视觉任务的卷积网络。 VIT的独特特征在于，它从图像中采取了一系列不交联补丁，并在内部处理补丁级表示。受此启发的启发，我们设计了一个简单而有效的视觉借口任务，创造了自我绘制，以学习更好的补丁级表示。要具体而言，我们对每个贴片及其邻居的不变性执行，即每个贴片都将相似的相邻贴片视为正样品。因此，用自我绘制的培训可以学习斑块之间更有意义的关系（不使用人类通知的标签），这可能是有益的，特别是对密集预测类型的下游任务。尽管它很简单，但我们证明了它可以显着提高现有SSL方法的性能，包括对象检测和语义分割。具体而言，SelfPatch通过在可可对象检测上实现+1.3 AP，在COCO实例段中+1.2 AP显着改善了最新的自我监督的VIT，Dino和+2.9 MIOU在ADE20K语义段中。

随着预培训的语言模型变得更加要求资源，因此资源丰富的语言（例如英语和资源筛选）语言之间的不平等正在恶化。这可以归因于以下事实：每种语言中的可用培训数据量都遵循幂律分布，并且大多数语言都属于分布的长尾巴。一些研究领域试图缓解这个问题。例如，在跨语言转移学习和多语言培训中，目标是通过从资源丰富的语言中获得的知识使长尾语言受益。尽管成功，但现有工作主要集中于尝试尽可能多的语言。结果，有针对性的深入分析主要不存在。在这项研究中，我们专注于单一的低资源语言，并使用跨语性培训（XPT）进行广泛的评估和探测实验。为了使转移方案具有挑战性，我们选择韩语作为目标语言，因为它是一种孤立的语言，因此与英语几乎没有类型的分类。结果表明，XPT不仅优于表现或与单语模型相当，该模型训练有大小的数据，而且在传输过程中也很高。

自动编辑（APE）的数据建筑需要广泛而专家级别的人力努力，因为它包含一个涉及识别句子中的错误并提供合适的修订的精心级别。因此，我们开发了一个自我监督的数据生成工具，可作为Web应用程序部署，这最大限度地减少了人类监督，并从并行语料库构建了具有英语作为目标语言的多种语言对的个性化浏览数据。可以使用此工具进行数据为中心的猿类研究，涉及许多尚未研究的语言对，由于缺乏合适的数据而尚未研究。

质量估算数据（QE）培训的数据昂贵，需要大量的人工劳动力。在这项研究中，我们专注于数据以数据为中心的方法，同时执行QE，随后提出一个完全自动的伪QE数据集生成工具，通过仅接收单根或并行语料库作为输入而产生QE数据集。因此，通过数据增强或鼓励多种语言对利用QE的适用性来增强QE性能。此外，我们打算公开发布这款用户友好的QE数据集生成工具，因为我们认为此工具为社区提供了开发QE数据集的新的，廉价的方法。

The 3D-aware image synthesis focuses on conserving spatial consistency besides generating high-resolution images with fine details. Recently, Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) has been introduced for synthesizing novel views with low computational cost and superior performance. While several works investigate a generative NeRF and show remarkable achievement, they cannot handle conditional and continuous feature manipulation in the generation procedure. In this work, we introduce a novel model, called Class-Continuous Conditional Generative NeRF ($\text{C}^{3}$G-NeRF), which can synthesize conditionally manipulated photorealistic 3D-consistent images by projecting conditional features to the generator and the discriminator. The proposed $\text{C}^{3}$G-NeRF is evaluated with three image datasets, AFHQ, CelebA, and Cars. As a result, our model shows strong 3D-consistency with fine details and smooth interpolation in conditional feature manipulation. For instance, $\text{C}^{3}$G-NeRF exhibits a Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) of 7.64 in 3D-aware face image synthesis with a $\text{128}^{2}$ resolution. Additionally, we provide FIDs of generated 3D-aware images of each class of the datasets as it is possible to synthesize class-conditional images with $\text{C}^{3}$G-NeRF.

In both terrestrial and marine ecology, physical tagging is a frequently used method to study population dynamics and behavior. However, such tagging techniques are increasingly being replaced by individual re-identification using image analysis. This paper introduces a contrastive learning-based model for identifying individuals. The model uses the first parts of the Inception v3 network, supported by a projection head, and we use contrastive learning to find similar or dissimilar image pairs from a collection of uniform photographs. We apply this technique for corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops, an ecologically and commercially important fish species. Photos are taken during repeated catches of the same individuals from a wild population, where the intervals between individual sightings might range from a few days to several years. Our model achieves a one-shot accuracy of 0.35, a 5-shot accuracy of 0.56, and a 100-shot accuracy of 0.88, on our dataset.

Feature selection helps reduce data acquisition costs in ML, but the standard approach is to train models with static feature subsets. Here, we consider the dynamic feature selection (DFS) problem where a model sequentially queries features based on the presently available information. DFS is often addressed with reinforcement learning (RL), but we explore a simpler approach of greedily selecting features based on their conditional mutual information. This method is theoretically appealing but requires oracle access to the data distribution, so we develop a learning approach based on amortized optimization. The proposed method is shown to recover the greedy policy when trained to optimality and outperforms numerous existing feature selection methods in our experiments, thus validating it as a simple but powerful approach for this problem.

The purpose of this work was to tackle practical issues which arise when using a tendon-driven robotic manipulator with a long, passive, flexible proximal section in medical applications. A separable robot which overcomes difficulties in actuation and sterilization is introduced, in which the body containing the electronics is reusable and the remainder is disposable. A control input which resolves the redundancy in the kinematics and a physical interpretation of this redundancy are provided. The effect of a static change in the proximal section angle on bending angle error was explored under four testing conditions for a sinusoidal input. Bending angle error increased for increasing proximal section angle for all testing conditions with an average error reduction of 41.48% for retension, 4.28% for hysteresis, and 52.35% for re-tension + hysteresis compensation relative to the baseline case. Two major sources of error in tracking the bending angle were identified: time delay from hysteresis and DC offset from the proximal section angle. Examination of these error sources revealed that the simple hysteresis compensation was most effective for removing time delay and re-tension compensation for removing DC offset, which was the primary source of increasing error. The re-tension compensation was also tested for dynamic changes in the proximal section and reduced error in the final configuration of the tip by 89.14% relative to the baseline case.